Maleic Anhydride (CAS: 108-31-6) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₂O₃. Nó là một chất rắn tinh thể không màu hoặc trắng that has a pungent odor. Maleic anhydride is a highly reactive compound and is mainly used in the production of unsaturated polyester resins, plasticizers, and various other industrial chemicals.
Đặc tính chính:
- Xuất hiện: Maleic anhydride is a chất rắn tinh thể không màu hoặc trắng.
- Điểm nóng chảy: It has a melting point of 52°C (126°F).
- Điểm sôi: Its boiling point is 202°C (396°F).
- Độ hòa tan: Maleic anhydride is soluble in alcohols, acetone, ether, và benzene, but only slightly soluble in water.
- Mùi: Nó có một mùi mạnh mẽ, acrid odor that is characteristic of anhydrides.
Sử dụng phổ biến:
- Unsaturated Polyester Resins: Maleic anhydride is a key component in the production of unsaturated polyester resins. These resins are widely used in the manufacture of fiberglass, bộ phận ô tô, và lớp phủ.
- Chất làm dơn: Maleic anhydride is used in the synthesis of plasticizers, particularly those for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), to increase flexibility and durability.
- Agriculture: It is used in the production of pesticides, including fungicides and herbicides. Maleic anhydride is also involved in plant growth regulators.
- Chemical Synthesis: Maleic anhydride is used in the production of pharmaceuticals, food additives, và chất dính. It is a precursor to a variety of chemicals such as 1,4-butanediol, succinic acid, và tetrahydrofuran.
- Resins and Coatings: It is used to produce alkyd resins và lớp phủ, which are commonly used in paints, varnishes, and surface coatings for metal, wood, and plastics.
- Lubricants: Maleic anhydride is also involved in making lubricants, especially for high-performance automotive applications.
Health and Safety:
- Toxicity: Maleic anhydride can be harmful if inhaled, ingested, or in contact with the skin. It can cause respiratory irritation, skin burns, và eye damage. Protective equipment should be used when handling it.
- Tác động môi trường: It is considered hazardous to aquatic life and should be disposed of properly to prevent contamination of water sources.
Conclusion:
Maleic anhydride is a highly reactive chemical used primarily in the production of unsaturated polyester resins, plasticizers, và other chemical derivatives. It is essential in a range of industries, including automotive, construction, agriculture, và lớp phủ. Proper handling and safety precautions are important due to its irritant properties and potential environmental impact.
