Maleic Anhydride (CAS: 108-31-6) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₂O₃. It is a colorless or white crystalline solid that has a pungent odor. Maleic anhydride is a highly reactive compound and is mainly used in the production of unsaturated polyester resins, plasticizers, and various other industrial chemicals.
Key Properties:
- Appearance: Maleic anhydride is a colorless or white crystalline solid.
- 熔點: It has a melting point of 52℃ (126°F).
- 沸點: Its boiling point is 202℃ (396°F).
- Solubility: Maleic anhydride is soluble in alcohols, acetone, ether, 和 benzene, but only slightly soluble in water.
- Odor: It has a strong, acrid odor that is characteristic of anhydrides.
Common Uses:
- Unsaturated Polyester Resins: Maleic anhydride is a key component in the production of unsaturated polyester resins. These resins are widely used in the manufacture of fiberglass, automotive parts, 和 coatings.
- Plasticizers: Maleic anhydride is used in the synthesis of plasticizers, particularly those for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), to increase flexibility and durability.
- 農業: It is used in the production of pesticides, including fungicides and herbicides. Maleic anhydride is also involved in plant growth regulators.
- Chemical Synthesis: Maleic anhydride is used in the production of pharmaceuticals, food additives, 和 adhesives. It is a precursor to a variety of chemicals such as 1,4-butanediol, succinic acid, 和 tetrahydrofuran.
- Resins and Coatings: It is used to produce alkyd resins 和 coatings, which are commonly used in paints, varnishes, and surface coatings for metal, wood, and plastics.
- Lubricants: Maleic anhydride is also involved in making lubricants, especially for high-performance automotive applications.
Health and Safety:
- Toxicity: Maleic anhydride can be harmful if inhaled, ingested, or in contact with the skin. It can cause respiratory irritation, skin burns, 和 eye damage. Protective equipment should be used when handling it.
- Environmental Impact: It is considered hazardous to aquatic life and should be disposed of properly to prevent contamination of water sources.
Conclusion:
Maleic anhydride is a highly reactive chemical used primarily in the production of unsaturated polyester resins, plasticizers, 和 other chemical derivatives. It is essential in a range of industries, including automotive, construction, agriculture, 和 coatings. Proper handling and safety precautions are important due to its irritant properties and potential environmental impact.
